Vodafone industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

None Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

None - Essay Example In addition, the exploration additionally presumed that carbon monoxide delivered by private autos was 95% higher; creation of risky natural mixes is 92% more noteworthy, multiple times more discharge of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide when contrasted with open transportation for every individual voyaging per mile. There was another examination directed in 2004 by Lancaster University, which recommended that changing to prepare framework from the private vehicle or aircrafts voyaging has no huge preferences as far as condition assurance. Be that as it may, there was an ecological gathering â€Å"friends of the earth†, who had inverse perspectives in regards to the move and they were not happy with the discoveries of the investigation directed by the college (Marston, 2004). They made another examination, which uncovered that the train framework needed the cutting edge progression that had been made for the vehicles and carrier ventures as far as better fuel utilization and productive utilization of the fuel. A train that heads out from London to Edinburgh utilizes 11.5 liters abundance fuel per individual when contrasted with the most recent vehicles dealing with diesel; and comparably, the trains of Pendolino expended more fuel per individual than the airbus A380 (ABD, 2012). There are some other point by point examines that have inferred that there is a negative and inverse connection between the urban populace thickness and vitality utilization per capita. With the assistance of open travel framework, the high urban populace densities can be profited effectively and as a reverse connection the utilization of vitality to run the framework will be low and the voyaging separation will be diminished. Green developments individuals consistently are agreeable to open transportation in light of high advantages in term of less sullying and low contamination than some other voyaging framework. In 2004, there was an examination completed in the city of Milan, Italy that uncovered the effect of mass transportation on the earth on a day of open transportation strike. The air during 8 days in

Book Riots Deals of the Day for October 11th, 2019

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Approaches of Curbing Bullying - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 411 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2018/12/27 Category Society Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Bullying Essay Community Essay School Essay Did you like this example? Forgives is also an approach which can be used to effectively reduce bullying in school (Ahmed Braithwaite, 2006). It is known to be the most powerful weapon that is used by the affected parties to bring to an end the cycle behavior of being destructive. Forgiveness is only possible if the victim decides not to hold any grudge against the offender. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Approaches of Curbing Bullying" essay for you Create order He decides to let go every hatred and trusts that the wrong door will accept the chance and assume a responsible life. The victim expects that with forgiveness and acceptance bullying should come to an end. The effectiveness of this approach is that the wrongdoer feels acceptance back to the community. He is also aware that the victim will take him as a changed- for â€Å"the- better person from there on. This is achieved after the offender accepts his mistakes and changes to be able to manage the shame. On the other hand, wrongdoer who is unable to manage the shame blames others for the mistakes done. He suffers shame replacement which increases bullying (Rigby, 2004). The other method that is used to minimize bullying is through the community-based approaches (Dusenbury et al, 1997). The community incorporates all the stakeholders including the teachers, coaches, parents, the law and the students at large. The community has to address the issue of bullying otherwise silence paves way for increased bullying among students. Adult role models who are against bullying are examples that students emulate. Organizing events like games and sports in playgrounds and have the coach supervise teaches students to care and love their neighbor. Group work is also another way that teachers use as a way of minimizing bullying in class. The community is also free to use the law and warn the students against any act of bullying. The challenge faced here is that very little effort has been channeled to curb this issue of bullying (Hay Meldrum, 2010). The community has not taken the problem of bullying with the weight that it deserves. Reference Ahmed, E., Braithwaite, V. (2006). Forgiveness, reconciliation, and shame: Three key variables in reducing school bullying. Journal of Social Issues, 62(2), 347-370. Rigby, K. (2004). Addressing bullying in schools: Theoretical perspectives and their implications.? School Psychology International,? 25(3), 287-300. Dusenbury, L., Falco, M., Lakem, A., Brannigan, R., Bosworth, K. (1997). Nine critical elements of promising violence prevention programs. Journal of School Health, 67(10), 409-414. Hay, C., Meldrum, R. (2010). Bullying victimization and adolescent self-harm: Testing hypotheses from general strain theory. Journal of youth and adolescence, 39(5), 446-459.

Drug Addiction The Overwhelming Involvement Of Drugs

Drug addiction can be defined as the overwhelming involvement of drugs that impacts an individuals daily life functioning. To help better understand drug addiction I chose to give up adding additional salt to my food for 30 days. Prior to the project I figured I would miss the taste of salt being added to my food, but I figured it would be easy. To my surprise it was not as easy as I entailed. Starting from week one I unconsciously went to grab salt numerous times, because grabbing the salt, pepper, and Old Bay is part of my ritual when I am going to sit down to eat. Also, during week two I noticed I was shifting my behavior to avoid certain foods. In fact, I caught myself skipping some meals because I no longer found the same joy in eating as I use to. That alone would be surprising to both my friends and family, because I love food. People have made jokes before that the way to my heart is to take me out to somewhere where I can eat. As well as, I do see the importance of eating a suffice breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Actually due to a lack of eating, I found myself being overly tired, and often times having to take a nap after class and sometimes a second nap. Being tired definitely got in the way of getting all of my schoolwork done. I found it taking twice as long to get through a homework assignment. As I had mentioned at midnight after the project had ended my plan was to make a big bowl of pasta and to add loads of salt and butter to it, and that is exactly what IShow MoreRelatedThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde Essay1413 Words   |  6 Pages I believe that Dr. Henry Jekyll suffers from a severe case of addiction; an addiction to his evil counterpart, Mr. Hyde, whom allows him to experience and indulge in the pleasures of his evilness without repercussions or disgracing his highly respected name in the community.Dr. Jekyll’s obsession with good and evil and discovering a way to separate the two, as well as his refusal to give up Hyde are all components of his addiction. It is Jekyll’s obsession with the â€Å"pleasures† that only the otherRead MoreDrug Addiction1081 Words   |  5 PagesDRUG ADDICTION DRUG: A chemical substance that alters the function of one or more body organs or the process of a disease. Drugs include prescribed medicines over the counter remedies and various other substances such as alcohol, tobacco and drugs of abuse that are used for non-medical purposes. Drugs are substances other than food that affect the way your mind and body works (Al Robertson et al). DRUG ABUSE Drug abuse is definable mainly in terms of societal disapproval. It may involveRead MoreMeth Addiction : The Only Way Anyone Ever Quits An Addiction1307 Words   |  6 PagesMeth Addictions â€Å"The only way anyone ever quits an addiction is that they come to a place where the desire to be free exceeds the desire to use† (â€Å"Anonymous†). Methamphetamine is not a new drug. In 1887, Germany first made amphetamine. Later on in 1919, Japan developed meth. When they discovered that the powder was soluble in water and then could be used for injection, it became popular in World War II to keep soldiers awake. Kamikaze pilots on their suicide mission were given high doses. LaterRead MoreThe Drug Cocaine As My Research Topic1671 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch paper I chose the drug Cocaine as my research topic. Cocaine delivers an intensity of pleasure - and despair - beyond the bounds of normal human experience. Probably very few people aspire to be drug addicts. But it happens, every day. Why? What is so good about a drug that can potentially destroy a person s body? How does it work? What are its effects on the brain? Why is it so hard to quit? Cocaine (C17H 21NO4) comes from the leaf of an Erythroxylon coca bush. It is a drug that affects the centralRead MoreHigh School Drug Use Among High Schools Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesSchool Drug Use There are many contributing factors that can lead to heroin and other drug use among high school students. Factors such as the availability and the growth of drugs in society, the enormous weight of peer pressure students face, the socio economics issues that students are a part of that can lead high school students down this destructive path. The use of harmful drugs by high school students has been on the rise ever since our country has declared war on drugs. Drugs suchRead More Cost of Drug Abuse on Society Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesDrug abuse is a rampant problem in the United States. Drugs can be abused in a variety of different ways by people from every walk of life. Most of us have been affected by drug abuse either directly or indirectly. Drug abusers harm themselves, as well as their families and communities. Drug abuse takes an enormous toll on our society at many levels. The cost of drug abuse on our society is astronomical, not only financially but also personally, emotionally, socially and professionally. Read MoreFresno - A City Addicted to Meth1456 Words   |  6 PagesMeth, by Louis Theroux addresses the epidemic of crystal methamphetamine addiction that is overwhelming the streets of this low socioeconomic city in California. The diversity Theroux finds in each of his encounters is both fascinating and startling: from a mother who wants nothing more than to get her children back, but can t seem to break the cycle of using to escape her past mistakes, to siblings that are so deep into addiction their sense of boundary deteriorates to form a twisted sexual relationshipRead MoreOpioid Pain Medications Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pagesday, abolish our solitude as individuals, atone us with our fellows in a glowing exaltation of affection and make life in all its aspects seem not only worth living, but divinely beautiful and significant, and if this heavenly, world-transfiguring drug were of such a kind that we could wake up next morning with a clear head and an undamaged constituti on - then, it seems to me, all our problems (and not merely the one small problem of discovering a novel pleasure) would be wholly solved and earthRead MoreThe Concepts Of Meth In Mexico, Mexico And California949 Words   |  4 Pagestransport both crystal and powdered meth. Some meth that is powdered is changed into crystal meth in Mexico for transportation to Hawaii. Asian, crystal meth transporters who mainly consist of Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Filipino gangs also move the drug into the country, but to a smaller extent as compared to the 1980s and the 1990s. Back in the 90s Hawaiian law enforcement eradicated numerous large Asian, mainly Korean, criminal gangs that had conquered crystal meth transportation into the stateRead MoreThe Alternative Treatment Of Wilderness Therapy861 Words   |  4 PagesWhen a parent has a teenager who is struggling with addiction it can be overwhelming. There are many different treatment and therapy options. There are options such as inpatient and outpatient homes. Outpatient therapy treatment may not be enough for those who are heavily addicted and some inpatient programs can last anywhere from up to six to twelve months. Wilderness therapy proves to be a positive alternative treatment in rehabilitating adolescents. Wilderness Therapy is a more successful means

Employee Law Free Essays

Project Summary Employment Law The employment relationship Is a contractual one between an employer and a worker. The worker may be either an employee or an Independent contractor. Distinguishing between the two is very important. We will write a custom essay sample on Employee Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now It has an effect on compensation, benefits, harassment, family leave, workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance, and discrimination, (Moran, 2008, p. 3). In an employment relationship, authority is conveyed by an employer to an employee. Deciding what kinds of authority and how much authority to grant are important issues for employers to resolve, (Moran, 2008, . ). Inherent in every employment relationship is the employee’s duties of loyalty and good faith and the employer’s duties to compensate and maintain a safe working environment. Violations of these duties give rise to contractual and tort liability. A contract Is a legally enforceable agreement. A tort Is a private civil wrong. Tort liability encompasses assault and battery, defamation, Invasion of privacy, and negligence. The key to an employers responsibility Is whether the tort was committed within the scope of employment?in other words, â€Å"on the Job,† (Moran, 2008, p. 3) Employers may attempt to employ restrictive covenants, also known as nincompoop or nondisclosure agreements. These agreements are used to protect the employer’s business against theft of trade secrets, stealing clients, and competing against the former employer. Courts generally do not like to restrict people from working, but the courts will enforce these agreements where they are voluntarily signed and designed to protect the business from unfair competition, (Moran, 2008, p. 3). The purpose of recruitment and selection is to obtain the best possible workers for a business. Discrimination is permissible with respect to selecting candidates based on interpersonal relations, communication skills, training, and education. It Is not permissible with respect to suspect classification such as race, religion, gender, age, disability, and national origin,† (Moran, 2008, p. 37). Because employees are valuable assets to a business, employers must be able to choose those employees who will perform the best work for the business. Education, training, communication skills, and interpersonal relations are key qualities that employees must possess to help a business be more successful, (Moran, 2008, p. ). The easiest way to discriminate against individuals is to do so in the recruitment and selection process. Employers may use a myriad of methods to evaluate an individual and his or her particular traits. Testing, interviews, writing samples, demonstrations, and role-playing are a few examples, (Moran, 2008, p. 37). If these methods are job-related, then the emp loyer has every right to use them. â€Å"What an employer may not do is discourage potential candidates who belong to a particular suspect classification as defined by Title VII of the Call Rights Act, the Age Delimitation In Employment Act, and the Americans with Deliverables Act,† (Moran, 2008, p. 37). The selection process has become a complicated procedure for employers, (Moran, 2008, p. 67). They must inappropriate questions that can be inferred as being discriminatory. Employers must recruit from a diverse pool of candidates. Employers must keep accurate records of these candidates, such as who applied and who was hired. Employers must establish Job-related criteria necessary for promotions. Employers must perform background checks on employees to guard themselves against negligent hiring, but these checks are limited to activities or criminal convictions that are Job elated,† (Moran, 2008, p. 67). Policies with regard to nepotism and promoting from within should also be drafted by the employer. The selection process is a daunting but necessary undertaking for the employer. As most of us know, it is an equally stressful experience for workers. Arbitration is a form of alternative dispute resolution where two si des look outside the court system to resolve a conflict, (Moran, 2008, p. 157). In arbitration, an impartial arbitrator listens to claims, facts, and testimony from both sides, then issues a decision. By signing arbitration agreements, employees typically waive their right to file lawsuits when they have a dispute with their employers. However, the obligation to arbitrate can vary. Some employers require all disputes to go to arbitration, while others designate arbitration for only certain issues. â€Å"Binding† arbitration is most frequently used in employment agreements, where both sides agree ahead of time that the arbitrator’s decision will be final, with very limited basis to appeal, (Moran, 2008, p. 58). However, an arbitration agreement alone does not mean that employers can never be sued over an employment issue. State and federal regulators can still sue employers when employees file complaints against companies for violating discrimination, pay, or other laws. Once employees or former employees decide to enter into arbitration, there are three basic steps in the proceedings: preheating briefs, the hearing, and the arbitrator’s decision. Preheating briefs allow the company and employees to present their views and describe their evidence to the arbitrator. During the hearing, both sides present their case to the arbitrator, which can include calling witnesses. Then the arbitrator makes a decision. Generally, employers do not take termination as personally as do employees. However, it can be a difficult process for both sides, especially if the employee believes that the discharge is wrongful. â€Å"At-will termination protects the rights of employers to terminate employees,† (Moran, 2008, p. 153). Therefore, employees must evaluate the evidence to discern whether it meets one of the public policy exceptions to the at-will doctrine. Employers must guard against compromising their protection under the at-will employment doctrine and should not stipulate that employees will be discharged only for cause or list explicit seasons for discharge in an employment handbook or in conversation with an applicant or an employee, (Moran, 2008, p. 153). Rather employers should state that employees may be discharged at any time for any reason. Shortly after the conclusion of the Civil War in 1865, the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the U. S. Constitution were adopted, (Moran, 2008, p. 171). The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery. The Fifteenth Amendment gave black men the right to vote. But, it was the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment that laid the basis for equal rights in employment, (Moran, 2008, p. 71). The Equal Protection Clause basically states that â€Å"all people are entitled to equal United States, in Please v. Ferguson, interpreted this to mean that separate but equal facilities would satisfy the Fourteenth Amendment requirement, (Moran, 2008, p. 171). Segregation persisted into the sass, but inroads began to be made in the mid-sass with the Brown v. Board of Education decision, which mandated integration in public schools, (Moran, 2008, p. 171). This decision had a reverberating effect throughout society. In 1964, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act to legislate integration in schools, housing, restaurants, transportation, shopping, and employment. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act speaks to employment, (Moran, 2008, p. 171). It prohibits discrimination because of religion, race, color, sex, and national origin, (Moran, 2008, p. 171). There are two main types of discrimination: disparate impact, which is discrimination against a class of people, and disparate treatment, which is discrimination against an individual, (Moran, 2008, p. 171). The key to establishing an affirmative action plan is to obtain the commitment of management, Moran, 2008, p. 199). Once committed, management can emphasize its importance and lead by example. An assessment must be made of the number of women and minorities and their current status within the organization. This data will prove invaluable as a benchmark against which the program’s progress can be measured, (Moran, 2008, p. 99). Once the problem areas are identified, then recruitment and promotion issues must be addressed. A critical look at the current methods utilized must be taken, and a plan must be instituted to remedy its deficiencies. To bolster acquirement, notification should be sent to the placement office of schools with significant or exclusive women or minority populations. Women and minority organizations can also be advised of the need for prospective candidates. Advertisements in newspapers, magazines, radio, and television designed for women and minorities will enable a company to tap into that particular circle, (Moran, 2008, p. 99). Company tours for students and community groups are also beneficial. â€Å"Relying solely on referrals and traditional recruitment techniques will only reinforce discrimination,† (Moran, 2008, p. 199). Career counseling to direct women and minorities toward career paths and training programs to help them realize these accomplishments must be created or embellished. The fact that counseling and training programs exist is not sufficient. They must be made available or specifically developed with women and minorities in mind. Job descriptions must also be perused for possible barriers against women and minorities, (Moran, 2008, p. 199). If found, the descriptive narration must be rethought. All requirements must be Job- related. Any that are not should be eliminated, especially unnecessary education or experience; otherwise, discrimination will continue. Testing should also be restricted to when it is absolutely necessary and its reality and Job-relatedness can be proved, (Moran, 2008, p. 199). The assignment of grade levels to Jobs must also be reviewed for bias in favor of men, (Moran, 2008, p. 199). If discovered, such bias must be readjusted. Interviewers must be indoctrinated to no longer believe that women and minorities can perform only certain Jobs – those involving routine ministerial tasks, (Moran, 2008, p. 199). They must avoid asking women and minorities personal questions about marital status, other sources of income, number of children, criminal record, and other issues that are not Job-related and are not routinely asked of white and in-house rules and regulations must be redrafted to be gender-neutral, both in written communications and pictorials,† (Moran, 2008, p. 199). Sexual harassment is defined as (1) a sexual advance or request for sexual favor made by one employee to another that is unwelcome and not consented to; and (2) touching, Joking, commenting, or distributing material of a sexual nature that an employee has not consented to and finds offensive,† (Moran, 2008, p. 89). Although the court- appointed test for determining what constitut es sexual harassment is a reasonable person standard and what is reasonable may vary depending on the work environment, it is the purpose of this policy on sexual harassment to avoid litigation, not to win lawsuits. Therefore, employees are forewarned that the use of certain terms may give rise to a woman’s filing a sexual harassment complaint and are therefore prohibited, (Moran, 2008, p. 289). If a complaint is filed with the company’s human resources department on any of these allegations, it will be investigated immediately, (Moran, 2008, p. 289). The investigation shall consist of questioning the complainant, alleged perpetrator, coworkers, superiors, and subordinates, (Moran, 2008, p. 89). If a determination is made that a valid complaint had been issued against an employee, that employee will be entitled to a hearing to which he or she may be assisted by outside counsel. If a conclusion is reached that the conduct complained of meets one of the aforementioned criteria, then the employee shall be dismissed forthwith, (Moran, 2008, p. 289). Furthermore, the victim will be afforded counseling services, if needed. Every effort will be made by the company to aid the victimized employee in overcoming the emotional trauma of the unfortunate ordeal, (Moran, 2008, p. 289). Finally, the company will sponsor in-house workshops explaining this policy on sexual harassment, warning employees against engaging in it, and encouraging those affected by sexual harassment to come forward with the details of their encounter with it in order for the company to investigate and resolve the dilemma and service the needs of the victimized employee, (Moran, 2008, p. 289). The Americans with Disabilities Act requires employers having 1 5 or more employees to refrain from administrating against any individual who has an impairment that limits major life activities, such as impairment to sight, speech, hearing, walking, and learning, (Moran, 2008, p. 389). Also included are people with cancer, heart conditions, AIDS, and disfigurement, as well as people recovering from substance abuse. The forerunner of the DAD was the Rehabilitation Act of 1 973. It prohibited disability discrimination in federal employment and with federal contractors. The percentage of disabled workers who are unemployed is much greater than that of the general population, (Moran, 2008, p. 08). Public access and specific Job accommodations have gone a long way to aid the gainful employment of many of the disabled. Encouraging a change in the mind-set of employers remains a formidable task. Many employers view disabled applicants as inferior to others. They represent an additional worry employers do not need. However, with reasonable accommodation, many disabled employees have proven to work as effectively as other workers because their disability has been alleviated, (Moran, 2008, p. 08). They are operating on a level playing surface with the rest of the work population. Collective bargaining is the negotiation process undertaken by a union on behalf of a contract after the resolution of labor issues,† (Moran, 2008, p. 420). The contract, known as the collective bargaining agreement, is binding on all union members. The advantage of collecti ve bargaining is that the union has greater bargaining strength than an individual employee would have in attempting to negotiate the best possible deal, (Moran, 2008, p. 420). The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1 970 (OSHA) was designed to set forth a standard that would provide for the safety and health of employees while on the Job, (Moran, 2008, p. 450). Employers are required to provide a place of employment free from occupational hazards. Employees are required to follow rules and regulations established to promote their safety and to use equipment designed to ensure their safety, (Moran, 2008, p. 450). Permanent standards are the standards originally introduced when OSHA was created as well as standards promulgated thereafter, (Moran, 2008, p. 452). The latter are referred to as National Consensus Standards. When OSHA develops a new standard, it is published in the Federal Register, (Moran, 2008, p. 452). The public, especially employees, has 30 days to request a hearing. If requested, notice of a public hearing will be made. After the hearing, OSHA must publish the standard incorporating the changes, if any, and the date of its commencement, within 60 days. The Secretary of Labor must explain the need for the new standard, or else it will be null and void. He or she may delay the date of its commencement. In one case, a delay of 4 years was imposed. How to cite Employee Law, Papers

The Use of Sugar Wastes to Generate Electricity

Introduction Project Overview This project charter discusses the development of a project to generate electricity. The electricity will be harnessed from the wastes generated by the sugar cane after the milling and extraction of the sugar juice. These wastes are combusted and used to generate electricity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Use of Sugar Wastes to Generate Electricity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main element of the project includes project planning, inception, execution, completion and commissioning of the project (American National Standards, 2004; Project Management Institute, 2013). This work entails the development of a project charter for this project. Project Purpose The purpose of this project is to provide pertinent details with regard to the installation of power plants that utilize sugarcane wastes to generate electricity. The plant is being set up so as to minimize wastes gener ated by the sugar mills (Morris, 2010). Scope Statement In this project, a 200 MW power generation plant will be installed at the sugar company. The plant will be operated using waste sugarcane. The project will be installed in the sugar processing plants. All the details of the project are summarized in this project charter and will not be altered without prior information and consent for all the stakeholders (Burke, 2010). Project Objectives and goals The main project objective is the development and installation of a power plant that uses sugarcane wastes for generations of electricity. The specific objectives for this project are: To carry out a feasibility study on the use of sugar mill wastes for power generation. This will entail evaluations on the possibilities of generating electricity using these wastes as well as quantification of the amount of energy that can be generated by the plant. The feasibility study will also identify the equipment to be used for this project To develop a project charter and project management plan detailing all the requirements for the project, their timelines and costs. To execute the project within the specified time and financial constrains. The execution of the project will entail the installation, testing and commissioning of all the equipments. Project Stakeholders The project stakeholder is a list of all the people that are involved in the project as well as those affected by the project (Maylor, 2001). They include both external and internal stakeholders (Morris, 2010). The main project stakeholders for this project include: Project manager –He is in charge of the project Project team members-they are in charge in implementation of the project Sugar mill management- they are the project sponsors and will provide all the financial support Employee- these are the employees of the sugar mill Transmission Company – will distribute the electricity Local residents – they reside in the area where t he plant will be installed, they are affected by the project Project Deliverables Project deliverables can be regarded as the outputs of the project. For this project, the main deliverables include:Advertising Looking for essay on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conducting a feasibility study so as to indentify the main equipments, their size and other parameters and variables related to the project The development of a project charter The development of a project management plan for the installation of the power plant (Knutson, 2004) The installation of the power plant using wastes sugarcane for power generation Project Milestones The project milestones are the main achievements in the project (William, 2005). These milestones are usually important steps achieved during the implementation of the project. Milestone name Milestone description Feasibility study A feasibility study will be carried out so as to establish the financial viability of the project. The main achievements of this feasibility study are To assess the amount of energy that can be generated To determine the space and other site conditions To establish communication and teamwork among all the major partners Project inception This entails the initial activities that will be carried out at the start of the project. These include Development of project charter Development of a scope statement Team selection Formulation of the project plan This will entail the development of the project management plan Selection of the project team members All the team members for the project will be selected. These include: team members, project managers, the project leader and other specialists. Design and configuration of the plant The plant will be designed such that all the equipments and other components are effectively positioned in the right place and all the materials required are identified. Selection of plant The main equipments and machinery will be selected and their specifications examined. This will ensure that the procurement process will be effective and efficient. Some of the main equipments to be purchased include: Boiler- will be used to generate steam. The wastes sugarcane will be feed to the boiler for the purpose of steam generation Heat exchanger – used for cooling Water pump –circulating the steam Turbine – steam is expanded in the turbine producing a rotational motion AC generators- this will be rotated by the turbine and used to generate electricity Wires – connection Power control modules – will be used to control the whole equipment Purchasing of the materials All the materials will be purchased as per the procurement management plan and with regard to the time schedule. Installation The equipments will be installed based on the design specifications and the project schedule developed using project management software . Testing Various machineries such as boilers, turbines and generators will be tested during the installation process. The complete test runs will be run after the installation and any improvements made Training The sugarcane workers, management staff and specialist in power generation will be trained on how to handle and maintain the plant. Commissioning The project will be commissioned and handled over to the sponsor Project completion The project will be wound up. All the machines used ion installation will be handed over to the sugar company. All the financial accounts will be settled upon completion. Projects Constrains Financial constraints.This project has a Budget of 50 million$ and no supplementary budgets or other financial sources included; therefore it is imperative to make proper planning to avoid overspending (Lewis, 2002). Time constraint: the project will be completed within a period of 2 years. This will require proper time management and planning to avoi d extensions and delays which have financial implications. Labor constraint: Availability of manual and skilled labor from the surrounding area may be a challenge. Project Schedule A project schedule indicates the major project milestones, their completion dates, the resources involved and acceptance criteria (Kloppenborg, 2011). Milestone Name Completion date Stakeholders involved Acceptance criteria Project start date September 1st2013 Sugar company managers, project managers, employees and power distribution company Ensure that all the project stakeholders are informed of the project and the comments taken to account Selection of the project team members and coordinators September 10th2013 Project team managers, sponsors and other company managers -Ensure that project team members are well selected -Ensure that all specialists are hired Feasibility study October 30th2013 Project managers, distribution company, power/ electricity specialists and plant technicians Ensure t hat all power plant aspects such as plant size, plant power capacity and other parameters are evaluated Formulation of the project plan November 30th2013 Project managers and project team members Ensure that a detailed Project management plan is developed. all sections must be incorporated Design and configuration of the plant December 20th2013 Project managers, project team members and specialists Ensure that the plant layout and design are completed to the required standards Selection of plant equipments February 15th2013 Specialists in electrical power generations, plant engineers and technicians Ensure that the correct equipment are selected Ensure that the equipments are compatible with each other Purchasing of the materials June 20th2014 Project managers, procurement team, Specialists in electrical power generation, plant engineers and technicians -Ensure that the procurement process is followed strictly such that high quality and affordable equipment are purchased. -E nsure all equipments are delivered on time. Installation February 25th2015 Project managers, procurement team, Specialists in electrical power generation, plant engineers and technicians Ensure all the machines are properly installed as per the design layout Testing April 20th2015 Project managers, procurement team, Specialists in electrical power generation, plant engineers and technicians Ensure that all the equipments are working as per the specifications Training August 1st2015 Specialists in electrical power generation, plant engineers and technicians Ensure that engineers and plant technicians are trained on the new equipment. Commissioning August 30th2015 All stakeholders Hand over the plant to the sponsors Project completion August 30th2015 All stakeholders Finalize all the works Project Risks Financial risk: These may arise due to unforeseen circumstances such as changes in the prices of materials to be used in construction, or changes in the design. They will be overcome by introducing a supplementary budget if needed (Westland, 2007). Faulty equipment: Equipment failure during the construction phase poses a risk to the implementation of the project. This is because of time consumed in repairs and unnecessary work delays (NTG, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Use of Sugar Wastes to Generate Electricity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Safety Risks: Occurrence of accidents during construction phase is a risk to the workers. Materials procurement risks: Delayed delivery of equipments poses risk of delay in project implementation phases. Items sourced by importation require early planning to avoid delays (Project Management Docs, 2012). Availability of skilled labor and appropriate technology: The scale of project requires advanced technology as well as highly qualified engineers who may not be available in the country (Zhang, 2011). Change Management The proc ess of Change management will be done In accordance with the change management standards. (Burke, 2010) Develop a change log to track all changes occurring in the project cycle. A change order form will be used to record all changes. Assessment of changes must be done to determine impact cost and effect on time of completion. All changes must be reviewed by the project managers and the directors to enable them approve extra funding of the project. The changes must be acceptable to the owner.Changes not approved by the owner will not be implemented (Northrop Grumman Corporation, 2007). Changes affecting the project schedule must be updated on the schedule and on the budget to reflect the effects. Financial Management All financial obligations are borne by the directors of the organization. The managing director has the right to alter the money allocated to the project during the periodic reviews (Project management institute, 2012). Financial management will be handled under three key areas.these are capital budgeting, cost management and cost measurement. Capital Budgeting There are various ways in which capital budgeting can be carried out. This includes cost/benefit analysis, internal rate of return and net present value assessment. A sensitivity analysis will also be carried out (Project Management Professional, 2002).Advertising Looking for essay on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the cost benefit analysis the long run cost of the project is assessed against the potential returns.it will also be assessed by the net present value method and the internal rate of return. (IRR).This analysis will assist the company to determine the viability of the project as well as financial planning. Cost management A cost management plan will be developed that will indicate all costs and management team that will oversee project costs. The project leader will inform the directors on the cumulative costs of the project every month. The total cost of project is estimated at 500 million (Butcher and Demmers, 2003). Cost measurement Costs are managed using the earned value management technique. The measurement metrics to be computed include (US Department of Energy, 2011). Variance from the schedule Cost variance Schedule performance index Performance of cost index. The indexes to be used to determine the cost performance and output expected include; cost variance, earned va lue, schedule variance, schedule performance index and the cost performance index. References American National Standards.(2004). A guide to project management body of  Knowledge third edition. New York: American National Standards. Burke, R., (2010). Fundamentals of Project Management 2nd edition. New York: Burke Publishing. Butcher, N and Demmers, L. (2003). Cost estimation simplified. Retrieved from: http://www.librisdesign.org/docs/CostEstimatSimp.pdf Kloppenborg, J.T.(2011).Contemporary Project Management organize / plan / perform. Mason, OH:South Western, Cengage Learning. Knutson, J.(2004). â€Å"Transition Plans,† PMNetwork 18 (4) 64-80. Lewis, J. (2002). Fundamentals of project Management. New York: AMACOM Margery, M.(2001).Expectations Management: Reconfirming Assumptions; Project  Management for Business Professionals: A Comprehensive Guide. New York: John Wiley Sons Maylor, H. (2001). Project Management, Third Edition. Singapore: Person publishers. Morris, P. (2010). Introduction to Project Management. Retrieved from: http://media.wiley.com/product_data/excerpt/44/04708512/0470851244.pdf Northrop Grumman Corporation. (2007). Communication Management Plan. Retrieved from: http://interop.mt.gov/content/docs/IM_Communicatons_Management_Plan_V3.0.pdf NTG. (2012). The Risk Management Process. Retrieved from http://www.det.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/4106/risk_management_process.pdf Project Management Institute. (2012). Project management professional (PMP)  handbook. Retrieved from: http://www.pmi.org/certification/~/media/pdf/certifications/pdc_pmphandbook.ashx Project Management Professional. (2002). Introducing Project Communication  Management. Retrieved from http://www.euroi.ktu.lt/lt/images/stories/Paskaitos/ch10.pdf Project Management Institute.(2013). A Guide to the Project Management Body of  Knowledge. Newtown Square, Pennsylvania: Project management institute Project Management Docs. (2012). Risk management Plan. R etrieved From http://www.projectmanagementdocs.com/template/Risk-Management-Plan.pdf US Department of Energy. (2011). Cost Estimating Guide. Retrieved from: http://science.energy.gov/~/media/opa/pdf/processes-and-procedures/Cost_Estimating_G_413_3_21_final_05092011.pdf US Department of Energy. (2000). Project Management Practices, Work breakdown  Structure. Retrieved from: http://condor.depaul.edu/dmumaugh/readings/handouts/SE477/WorkBreakdownStructure.pdf Westland, J. (2007). The Project Management Life Cycle. Retrieved from: http://www.maxwideman.com/papers/life_cycle/life_cycle.pdf William, R D.(2005). A guide to the Project management body of knowledge. PMI  standards Committees. Newtown Square, PA. Retrieved from: http://www.unipi.gr/akad_tmhm/biom_dioik_tech/files/pmbok.pdf Zhang, H. 2011. Two schools of risk analysis: A review of past research on project risk.  Project Management Journal.42 (4):5 – 18. This essay on The Use of Sugar Wastes to Generate Electricity was written and submitted by user Terrell Huber to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.